4.3 Glossary

Glossary

Bibliography:
A list of citations to sources used in your research, located at the end of a research paper. This may also be called a reference list or works cited.

Citation:
This provides information about a source from which you quote, paraphrase or summarize. Examples of citations include parenthetical references, footnotes, endnotes, and references in a bibliography. The purpose of a citation is to help readers locate the sources of your information and ideas.

Citing:
The practice of acknowledging the sources in your paper from which you quoted, paraphrased, or summarized; this may also be called referencing.

Collusion:
Collusion occurs when you receive unauthorized help from someone when writing your essay, for example, paying a tutor to re-write your essay. Of course, some types of help are permitted: discussing your ideas with your TA, asking a librarian to recommend resources, etc. If you're not sure whether getting help from this person is permitted, ask your instructor.

Common knowledge:
This is information that does not need to be cited your paper because it is generally known. An example of common knowledge would be an established fact, e.g., 'the year has 365 days', or, 'John F. Kennedy was the 35th president of the United States. He was assassinated in 1963.'

Paraphrase:
To re-state a portion of text in your own words using the basic ideas of the original author.

Patchwriting:
A form of plagiarism in which a writer relies too heavily on the words and sentence structure of the author’s original text

Plagiarize:
"To steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own: use (another's production) without crediting the source"; "to commit literary theft: present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source" (Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary, 2003, p. 946).

Quote:
To state the exact words of an author in your paper.

Reference list:
see Bibliography

Referencing:
see Citing

Self-Plagiarism:

A specific form of plagiarism in which a student or researcher reuses their own previous work without acknowledging it in their citations and reference list.

Style Guide (or Style Manual):
This refers to a source which gives guidelines for acknowledging references and formatting papers and publications (e.g. APA, MLA, Chicago).

APA Style:
Guidelines published by the American Psychological Association and used predominantly in psychology and other social science fields.
Publication manual of the American Psychological Association
Chicago Style:
Guidelines published by the Chicago University Press and used across a number of subject areas.
The Chicago manual of style
MLA Style:
Guidelines published by the Modern Language Association and used largely in the humanities.
MLA handbook for writers of research papers

Summarize:
To briefly re-state in your own words, the main idea(s) of a piece of writing

Works Cited:
see Bibliography

4.3 Glossary

Glossary

Bibliography:A list of citations to sources used in your research, located at the end of a research paper. This may also be called a reference list or works cited.

Citing:The practice of acknowledging the sources in your paper from which you quoted, paraphrased, or summarized; this may also be called referencing.

Common knowledge:This is information that does not need to be cited your paper because it is generally known. An example of common knowledge would be an established fact, e.g., 'the year has 365 days', or, 'John F. Kennedy was the 35th president of the United States. He was assassinated in 1963.'

Paraphrase:To re-state a portion of text in your own words using the basic ideas of the original author.

Patchwriting:A form of plagiarism in which a writer relies too heavily on the words and sentence structure of the author’s original text

Quote:To state the exact words of an author in your paper.

Reference list:see Bibliography

Referencing:see Citing

Self-Plagiarism:

Style Guide (or Style Manual):This refers to a source which gives guidelines for acknowledging references and formatting papers and publications (e.g. APA, MLA, Chicago).

Summarize:To briefly re-state in your own words, the main idea(s) of a piece of writing

Works Cited:see Bibliography

Bibliography:
A list of citations to sources used in your research, located at the end of a research paper. This may also be called a reference list or works cited.

Citing:
The practice of acknowledging the sources in your paper from which you quoted, paraphrased, or summarized; this may also be called referencing.

Common knowledge:
This is information that does not need to be cited your paper because it is generally known. An example of common knowledge would be an established fact, e.g., 'the year has 365 days', or, 'John F. Kennedy was the 35th president of the United States. He was assassinated in 1963.'

Paraphrase:
To re-state a portion of text in your own words using the basic ideas of the original author.

Patchwriting:
A form of plagiarism in which a writer relies too heavily on the words and sentence structure of the author’s original text

Quote:
To state the exact words of an author in your paper.

Reference list:
see Bibliography

Referencing:
see Citing

Style Guide (or Style Manual):
This refers to a source which gives guidelines for acknowledging references and formatting papers and publications (e.g. APA, MLA, Chicago).

Summarize:
To briefly re-state in your own words, the main idea(s) of a piece of writing

Works Cited:
see Bibliography